从传统细菌种类中选择益生菌的体外和体内筛选之间的相关性

Title：
Correlation between in vitro and in vivo assays in selection of probiotics from traditional species of bacteria

DOI：
10.1016/j.tifs.2017.08.005

Abstract：
In vitro selection tests such as exposure to low pH and bile salts, competitive exclusion of pathogens, adherence to cell lines and prokaryotic-eukaryotic co-cultures have been commonly used to predict the functional properties of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria for their use as probiotics. HoweverTo review the current state of evidence linking in vitro predictions to in vivo outcomes in selecting probiotic candidates and to discuss the advantages and limitations of the various assays presently available.The successful use of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria as traditional probiotics is based on their occurrence in human milk, naturally fermented foods, in the gastrointestinal tract and feces of infants and adults as well as on their culturability, technological robustness and long history of safe use. The lack of standardized protocols for in vitro and in vivo studies hampers comparison of the potential of new species and strains. There is thus a need to conduct selection of potential probiotics in a more robust manner and to focus well-defined in vitro and in vivo studies to document health benefits.

All Authors：
Gabriel Vinderola, Miguel Gueimonde, Carlos Gomez-Gallego, Lucrecia Defederico, Seppo Salminen

First Authors：
Gabriel Vinderola

Correspondence：
Gabriel Vinderola

内容要点：

1、在乳杆菌和双歧杆菌作为益生菌的开发过程中，采用的方法包括低pH及胆汁酸暴露、对致病菌的竞争性排除、对细胞系的粘附、原核-真核共培养等；

2、体外筛选方法与体内结果之间的关系仍不清楚，为此对两者的相关性研究进行综述，为益生菌的筛选提供指导；

3、体外预测的结果与人体临床试验的结果之间相关性十分有限，可能是由于不同个体之间的肠道菌群组成存在差异；

4、体外和体内研究标准化方案的缺乏，阻碍了新物种和菌株潜力的比较。