合成菌群在植物菌群研究中的机会

Title：
Establishing Causality: Opportunities of Synthetic Communities for Plant Microbiome Research

DOI：
10.1016/j.chom.2017.07.004

Abstract：
Plant microbiome research highlights the importance of indigenous microbial communities for host phenotypes such as growth and health. It aims to discover the molecular basis by which host-microbe and microbe-microbe interactions shape and maintain microbial communities and to understand the role of individual microorganisms, as well as their collective ecosystem function. Here, we discuss reductionist approaches to disentangle the inherent complexity of interactions in situ. Experimentally tractable, synthetic communities enable testing of hypotheses by targeted manipulation in gnotobiotic systems. Modifications of microbial, host, and environmental parameters allow for the quantitative assessment of host and microbe characteristics with dynamic and spatial resolution. We summarize first insights from this emerging field and discuss current challenges and limitations. Using multifaceted approaches to detect interactions and functions will provide new insights into the fundamental biology of plant-microbe interactions and help to harness the power of the microbiome.

All Authors：
Julia A Vorholt, Christine Vogel, Charlotte I Carlstro¨ m, and Daniel B Muller

First Authors：
Julia A Vorholt

Correspondence：
Julia A Vorholt

内容要点：

1、讨论解决菌群原位互作的遗传复杂性的还原论方法，其目标是解析参与菌群组装、动力学、快速恢复/耐受、建立菌群与植物表型之间的因果关系的生物学机制；2、 利用自下而上的方法选定构成合成菌群的混合菌株，在实验上易于操作，可检验无菌系统的靶向操作的假说，产生可转化为农业应用的知识；

3、 菌群、宿主和环境参数的修饰，可动态、空间维度上定量评估宿主和细菌的特征。