古细菌是复杂微生物组中的互作组分
Title：
Archaea Are Interactive Components of Complex Microbiomes
Abstract：
Recent findings have shaken our picture of the biology of the archaea and revealed novel traits beyond archaeal extremophily and supposed 'primitiveness'. The archaea constitute a considerable fraction of the Earth's ecosystems, and their potential to shape their surroundings by a profound interaction with their biotic and abiotic environment has been recognized. Moreover, archaea have been identified as a substantial component, or even as keystone species, in complex microbiomes - in the environment or accompanying a holobiont. Species of the Euryarchaeota (methanogens, halophiles) and Thaumarchaeota, in particular, have the capacity to coexist in plant, animal, and human microbiomes, where syntrophy allows them to thrive under energy-deficiency stress. Due to methodological limitations, the archaeome remains mysterious, and many questions with respect to potential pathogenicity, function, and structural interactions with their host and other microorganisms remain.
All Authors：
Christine Moissl-Eichinger,Manuela Pausan,Julian Taffner,Gabriele Berg,Corinna Bang,Ruth A Schmitz
First Authors：
Christine Moissl-Eichinger
Correspondence：
Christine Moissl-Eichinger
内容要点：
古细菌是地球生态系统中的重要成分，是复杂微生物组中的关键组分，广古菌门（产甲烷菌、嗜盐菌）及奇古菌门中的古细菌物种在植物、动物及人体微生物组中存在。 微生物组之间的互养作用帮助这些古细菌在能量缺陷的压力下生存，例如产甲烷菌可支持细菌的发酵过程。人体肠道中可能有多达10%的厌氧微生物为产甲烷古细菌，而口腔中只鉴定出2种古细菌（均为产甲烷菌）。